Socioeconomic data, anaemia and absenteeism were recorded. Students (n = 1764) were surveyed from 54 government schools of Dhenkanal and Angul, Odisha state. Therefore, we aimed to examine the caste‐based differences in anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 gm/dl) and self‐reported sickness absenteeism in schoolchildren and the mediating role of economic disparity. However, to what extent caste‐based health inequality is explained by wealth disparities, is not clear. Ĭaste, a stratifying axis of the Indian society, is associated with wealth and health. However, the unresolved moot point remains: 'Are the persistent caste-based health inequalities that continue to plague the Indian society solely due to tenacious inter-caste economic disparities?' (Bhowmik 1979, Borooah et al. 2015, Kader and Perera 2014, Kramer and Hogue 2009, Laxmaiah et al. live births respectively) and severe anaemia (for the three groups 3.3%, 3.6% and 2.1% respectively) and among others (Balgir 2006, Goli et al. live births respectively), infant mortality (for the three groups: 62.1, 66.4 and 56. Poignant findings from these recent studies include persistence of caste-based differences in critical health outcomes in modern India, for instance neonatal mortality (indigenous, least privileged caste and most privileged caste: 39.9, 46.13 and 34. However, against the backdrop of this remarkable poverty alleviation, researchers reported rising wealth, health and educational inequalities in the nation. Equitable progress, particularly for neonatal mortality, requires continuing efforts to strengthen health systems and overcome barriers to identify and reach vulnerable groups. The results of this study thus add weight to recent government initiatives targeting these groups. While progress in reducing under-five and neonatal mortality rates in urban areas appears to be levelling off, polices targeting rural populations and scheduled caste and tribe groups appear to have achieved some success in reducing mortality differentials. Inter-district disparities and differences between socioeconomic groups are also evident.Īlthough child mortality rates continue to decline at the national level, our evidence shows that considerable disparities persist. Different mortality rates are observed across all the equity markers, although there is a pattern of convergence between rural and urban areas, largely due to inadequate progress in urban settings. However, reduction rates have been modest, particularly for neonatal mortality. Trend estimates suggest that progress has been made in mortality rates at the state levels. Inequalities were gauged by comparison of mortality rates within four sub-state populations defined by the following characteristics: rural-urban location, ethnicity, wealth, and district. ICAB FILIPINAS CHER REGISTRATIONThis study estimates changes in child mortality across a range of markers of inequalities in Orissa and Madhya Pradesh, two of India's largest, poorest, and most disadvantaged states.Įstimates of under-five and neonatal mortality rates were computed using seven datasets from three available sources - sample registration system, summary birth histories in surveys, and complete birth histories. However, scant evidence exists about the distribution of child mortality at low sub-national levels, which in diverse and decentralized countries like India are required to inform policy-making. The Millennium Development Goals prompted renewed international efforts to reduce under-five mortality and measure national progress.
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